Prepared by Francisca Soto-Aguilar Bralic. MD, Ms Nutrition, Ms Global Public Health
These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the supplementation of key nutrients – Vitamin D, Omega-3 fatty acids, Iron, and Vitamin B12 – in infants and children. They are based on U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and current research. The aim is to support healthcare professionals in optimizing pediatric health outcomes by addressing age-specific needs, risks of deficiency, and considerations for different dietary patterns.
Vitamin D is crucial for bone health and plays a role in immune function. Inadequate levels can lead to rickets in children. These guidelines provide age-specific recommendations for vitamin D intake and supplementation based on U.S. RDAs and considerations for factors like breastfeeding status and sunlight exposure.
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for brain, eye, and nervous system development, as well as cardiovascular health. Many children may not consume sufficient amounts from diet alone. These guidelines provide recommendations for omega-3 intake and supplementation based on U.S. dietary recommendations and current research, including considerations for different dietary patterns.
Iron is vital for oxygen transport, energy production, brain development, and overall health. Iron deficiency is common and can lead to anemia and developmental delays. These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for iron intake and supplementation based on U.S. RDAs, addressing age-specific needs and risk factors.
Zinc is an essential trace mineral important for growth, immune function, protein synthesis, and cell division. Deficiency can impair immune function and delay growth. These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for zinc supplementation based on U.S. RDAs, with advice for healthcare professionals and a focus on factors like dietary intake and bioavailability.
Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Dietary sources can be scarce, particularly for those not eating animal-based foods regularly. These guidelines assist clinicians in evaluating and supplementing vitamin B12, especially focusing on children following plant-based diets, based on RDAs and clinical scenarios.
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